BeadInspect

The BeadInspect function is used to identify positional, width, or coverage defects in a bead. The BeadInspect tool has parameters to control the bead analysis criteria and measurement rules. The initial values for these rules are set from a valid Bead data structure returned by a BeadFind function. The tool compares the bead characteristics found in the currently acquired image against the bead analysis criteria. For more information on the BeadFind function, see BeadFind.

BeadInspect Inputs

General Tab

Syntax: BeadInspect(Image,Bead Find,Edit Inspection Areas,Bead Edge Position Tolerance (%),Contrast Threshold,Defect Limits,Show Graphics))

Parameter	Description
Image	Specifies a reference to a spreadsheet cell that contains an Image data structure; by default, this parameter references A0, the cell containing the AcquireImage Image data structure. This parameter can also reference other Image data structures, such as those returned by the Vision Tool Image functions or Coordinate Transforms Functions.
Bead Find	Specifies a reference to a spreadsheet cell that contains a Bead data structure output by the BeadFind function. Note: The BeadFind function must be trained or the BeadInspect function will return #ERR. If a BeadFind function is retrained, any linked BeadInspect function parameters, the masked region(s), the fill edge region(s) and any previous editing set in the Edit Inspection Areas will be reset.
Edit Inspection Areas	Click this button to enter Interactive Graphics Mode to edit areas that can be masked out from the inspection or allow fill edges.
Bead Edge Position Tolerance (%)	Specifies the maximum amount (1 to 200; default = 50) an edge can deviate from the trained edge position as a percentage of the average bead width at that location. Bead edges that are outside of this tolerance range will not be found. Example: An edge must be found between the trained bead path (in green) and the Position Tolerance Boundary (in cyan). The Bead Edge Position Tolerance (%) value is measured from the trained edge position on either side of the expected edge. The average bead width is considered 100%. The trained bead path is in the middle of the bead, which is 50% deviated from the trained edge position. If the position tolerance is less than 50%, there will be two dashed lines on either side of the bead path. If the position tolerance is 50% or greater, only one single dashed line will be displayed on either side of the bead path.
Contrast Threshold	Specifies the minimum valid edge contrast value (1 to 255; default = 10). Bead edges with contrast values below this threshold will be identified as defects.
Defect Limits	Specifies how defects will be defined and whether a particular type of defect should be detected. Note: When a BeadFind tool is first referenced, the default values for parameters listed below will be automatically reset to let the current bead pass the inspection with no defects found. Bead Width Min Indicates whether the minimum width defect detection is enabled. This parameter is used to inspect the bead for sections that are too narrow. Bead Width Min (%) Specifies the minimum valid bead width (1 to 99; default = 50) in percentage compared to the corresponding section of the bead when it was trained. Bead edges found below this limit will be identified as defects. For example, a Minimum Bead Width of 50% allows each section of the bead to be half as wide as it was on the trained bead. Bead Width Max Indicates whether the maximum width defect detection is enabled. This parameter is used to inspect the bead for sections that are too wide. Bead Width Max (%) Specifies the maximum valid bead width (101 - 999; default = 150) in percentage compared to the corresponding section of the bead when it was trained. Bead edges found above this limit will be identified as defects. For example, a Maximum Bead Width of 200% allows each section of the bead to be twice as wide as it was on the trained bead. Bead Coverage Min Indicates whether the minimum coverage defect detection is enabled. This parameter is used to inspect the bead for sections that contain too few light pixels (for light-on-dark beads) or dark pixels (for dark-on-light beads) compared to the corresponding sections of the bead that was trained. Bead Coverage Min (%) Specifies the minimum bead coverage (1 to 99; default = 50) allowed at each section of the bead compared to the corresponding section of the bead that was trained. Use a lower value to allow beads that are much lighter (for dark-on-light beads) or much darker (for light-on-dark beads) than the trained bead. Bead Coverage Max Indicates whether the maximum coverage defect detection is enabled. This parameter is used to inspect the bead for sections that contain too many light pixels (for light-on-dark beads) or dark pixels (for dark-on-light beads) compared to the corresponding sections of the bead that was trained. Bead Coverage Max (%) Specifies the maximum bead coverage (101 to 999; default = 150) allowed at each section of the bead compared to the corresponding section of the bead that was trained. Use a higher value to allow beads that are much darker (for dark-on-light beads) or much lighter (for light-on-dark beads) than the trained bead. Bead Edge Step Max Indicates whether the maximum step change defect detection is enabled. This parameter is used to detect protrusions or notches along the edges of the bead. Bead Edge Step Max (%) Specifies the maximum position offset (1 to 100; default = 30) allowed for a bead edge compared to neighboring edges. Use a higher value to increase tolerance for beads with coarse or uneven edges. Use a lower value for beads with smoother edges. Defect Length Min (Calipers) Specifies the smallest defect size (1 to 10 adjacent calipers; default = 3) that will be reported as a defect in the inspection results. A value of 1 will include all defects. A value of 10 will report only defects comprised of 10 or more adjacent calipers.
Show Graphics	Specifies which BeadInspect graphical overlays will be drawn on top of the image. Bead Path Displays the trained bead path (in green) used for finding defects. It is the path from the referenced BeadFind function. Bead Edges Displays the found edges for the bead path in yellow. Example: Position Tolerance Boundary Displays the boundaries (in cyan dashed lines) for finding bead edges. Edges outside of this boundary will not be detected, resulting in defects. If the position tolerance is less than 50 there will be two dashed lines on either side of the bead path. If the position tolerance is 50 or greater there will be a single dashed line on either side of the bead path. Example: Mask and Fill Edge Areas Displays masked and fill edges areas along the bead path. Masked regions will be drawn in black. Fill edge regions will be drawn in cyan. Fill Edges allow one side of the bead to go undetected in that area. The masked area will be ignored in future inspections and no defect in masked area will be reported. Example: Bead Width Defects Displays the bounding region for bead width defects (in red). Bead Coverage Defects Displays the bounding region for bead coverage defects (in red). Bead Edge Step Defects Displays the bounding region for bead edge step defects (in red). Missing Edge Defects Displays the bounding region for missing edge defects (in red).

Defects Tab

The Defects tab displays the overall results for bead inspection, and is divided into two sections: statistics and defect list.

Statistics

The statistics contain the following data and will be updated automatically after each image is loaded and/or after a change is made to the BeadInsepct function.

• Defect Count: Displays the total number of defects found in the bead.
• Caliper Count: Displays the total number of calipers in the bead path.
• Contrast (First Edge): Displays the minimum, maximum and average contrast value along the first edge of the bead.
• Contrast (Second Edge): Displays the minimum, maximum and average contrast value along the second edge of the bead.
• Bead Width: Displays the minimum, maximum and average width as a percentage of the bead.
• Bead Coverage: Displays the bead coverage as a percentage of the bead.
• Bead Position Shift (First Edge): Displays the minimum, maximum and average deviation of the first edge as a percentage of the bead width.
• Bead Position Shift (Second Edge): Displays the minimum, maximum and average deviation of the second edge as a percentage of the bead width.
• Bead Edge Step Max (First Edge): Displays the maximum step change as a percentage of the bead width along the first edge of the bead.
• Bead Edge Step Max (Second Edge): Displays the maximum step change as a percentage of the bead width along the second edge of the bead.

Defect List

The following toolbar buttons allow you to customize the display of the defect results table:

Toolbar Button	Action
	Expand all.
	Collapse all.
	Group by defect type.
	Group by defect index. By default, the defect list table is grouped by defect index.
	No grouping.
	Zoom to selected defect. By default, this option is selected. The image will be automatically panned and zoomed to the location of the defect in the image.

Defect Results Table

For each defect, the defect table will display the following:

 

Parameter	Description
Index	Displays the defect index number.
Classification	Displays defect type. Defect Types: Too Narrow Too Wide Underfill Overfill Missing First Edge Missing Second Edge Missing Both Edges Step Change No Bead Found
Parameter	Displays the BeadInspect parameter that is associated with the defect.
Actual	Displays actual value reported by the BeadInspect function.
Expected	Displays the allowed value range specified by the BeadInspect parameters.
Fix (button)	Provides the following tuning options to remove false defects from the defect results table. Update {Parameter} Updates the corresponding parameters associated with different defect types. If this option is selected, the related minimum or maximum parameters in Defect Limits will be updated with the actual value, and the defect will be removed from the defect results table. Defect Types and Related Parameters Defect Types Related Parameters Description Too Narrow Bead Width Min (%) Used to inspect the bead for sections that are too narrow. Too Wide Bead Width Max (%) Used to inspect the bead for sections that are too wide. Underfill Bead Coverage Min (%) Used to inspect underfill defects where too little material is applied to a section of the bead. Overfill Bead Coverage Max (%) Used to inspect overfill defects where too much material is applied to a section of the bead. Step Change Bead Edge Step Max (%) Used to inspect protrusions or notches along the edges of the bead. Select a higher Bead Edge Step Max value to increase tolerance for beads with coarse or uneven edges. Use a lower bead step value for beads with smoother edges Missing First Edge Missing Second Edge Missing Both Edges Contrast Threshold Used to inspect missing edges defects. Bead edges with contrast values below the Contrast Threshold will be identified as defects. Bead Edge Position Tolerance (%) Used to inspect bead edges position changes. Bead edges that are outside of the Bead Edge Position Tolerance will not be found. Allow Fill Edges Fills edge within a defect that contains a missing edge. Fill Edges allow one side of the bead to go undetected in that area. Note: Works only for Missing First Edge and Missing Second Edge defect types. This options is not available if both edges are missing. Mask/Ignore Masks the defect area from inspection. The masked area will be ignored in future inspections. No defect in masked area will be reported.

BeadInspect Outputs

Returns	A Bead data structure containing the information about detected beads in the image, or #ERR if any of the input parameters are invalid.
Results	When BeadInspect is initially inserted into a cell, a results table is created in the spreadsheet. For example, this is the default BeadInspect results table: Note: The Vision Data Access function will return #ERR if no defect is found. The Vision Data Access function will return a single defect with Type integer value 256 if no bead path is detected.

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In-Sight® Explorer Help  |  2019 May 07  |  Revision: 5.7.2.5